The following information is based on the Amnesty International Report 2021/22. This report documented the human rights situation in 149 countries in 2021, as well as providing global and regional analysis. It presents Amnesty International’s concerns and calls for action to governments and others. 

LIBYA 2021

Militias, armed groups and security forces continue to arbitrarily detain thousands of people, some now for over a decade, without allowing them to challenge the lawfulness of their detention. Scores of journalists, politicians, government employees and civil society activists have been abducted, forcibly disappeared and tortured or otherwise ill-treated on the basis of their actual or perceived political, regional or tribal affiliation and/or activism connected to planned elections. Militias and armed groups killed and wounded civilians and destroyed civilian property during sporadic, localized clashes. Attacks by armed groups on water infrastructure have undermined access to clean water for millions of people. Authorities continued to integrate into state institutions and fund militias and armed groups responsible for war crimes and serious human rights violations. Authorities continue to fail to protect women, girls and LGBTI people from sexual and gender-based violence or to address discrimination. Ethnic minorities and internally displaced people face barriers in accessing education and healthcare. Militias and security forces have used unlawful lethal force and other violence to arbitrarily arrest thousands of migrants and refugees, while EU-backed Libyan coastguards have intercepted at sea thousands of others and forcibly returned them to detention in Libya. Detained migrants and refugees have been subjected to torture, unlawful killings, sexual violence and forced labour. Military courts have convicted scores of civilians in grossly unfair trials.